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What is Protocol Technology

Data transported via Ethernet or Token network cards or Modems is sent in the form of a language called a protocol.  A protocol is a set of rules that might be compared to grammer in a spoken language.   In conjunction with the transport method, a protocol determines how the data is packaged to be read by the receiving computer. The protocols used most are TCP/IP, NetBEUI, and IPX/SPX on networks such as LAN, WAN and Internet. TCP/IP protocol is a universal protocol and used widely on LAN, WAN and Internet.  NetBEUI is a Mircosoft-based protocol for small network. IPX/SPX is a Novell NetWare protocol for LAN.

    On the Internet TCP/IP protocol is used to transport data in more than 90 percent of web servers, host computers and the users. Also, TCP/IP connects manframe running IBM's MVS, UNIX, or Windows NT with different computers together to a network.  Because of such universal protocolly nature of TCP/IP users, host computer and web servers are able to connect on the Internet.

    Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is used around the globe for reliable network communication. TCP/IP is many protocols wrapped into one, all working together to establish the most error-free communication. The TCP portion of the protocol provides network addressing to ensure that data packets quickly reach the correct destination.  It uses the dotted decimal notation system of addressing that consists of four numbers separated by a period, such as 129.77.15.182. In this scheme, the first two numbers identify the network, and the last two compose the host number, such as a server or workstation.

    Topic TCP/IP protocol provides Static or Dynamic Internet Protocol (IP) addressing.  Static addressing involves assigning a dotted decimal address for each workstation of the networking as permanent, unique IP address. Whereas Dynamic addressing automatically assigns an IP address to a computer each time it is logged on.  In this way, an IP address is leased to a particular computer for a defined period of time. This addressing method uses the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). It is supported by Microsoft for dynammic addressing which enable Windows NT server with DHCP and WINS. A WINS server translates a workstation name to an IP for Internet communication, such as translating the workstation name Himalweb to its IP address 129.77.15.182.

TCP/IP protocol has other protocols associated with such as Telnet, SMTP, FTP, and DNS. These protocols are integrated with TCP/IP. Telnet is an application protocol within TCP/IP, which provides support for terminal emulation such as for an IBM 3270 terminal or a DECVT220 terminal. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is an algorithm that enables the transfer of data from one remote device to another using TCP and Telnet protocol. The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is designed for the exchange of electronic mail between networked systems.  As long as any computer with any system has installed TCP/IP such as UNIX, MVS, Macintosh, and other can exchange mail on the network. This is how email on the Internet is transferred globally. Domain Name Service (DNS) is used to translate domain computer names such as microsoft.com to an IP address.   The DNS software runs on one or more computers and act as a network server for the address translations. The process of translating names to address is called resolutions, a process that is used to access the Internet.

Designed by
Prakash Bom